Tā jiā hěn dà.
His house is big.
The sentence pattern is subject + noun + adjective. Here, the subject is 'his house', the noun is 'house', and the adjective is 'big'. '很' (hěn) is used to indicate 'very'.
他 (tā): he/him家 (jiā): home/house很 (hěn): very大 (dà): big
wǎnfàn wǒ jīngcháng chī mǐfàn hé shūcài.
For dinner, I often eat rice and vegetables.
The pattern 'subject + 经常 + verb' is used to express that the subject often or frequently does something. Note the use of '和' to indicate 'and' between two items listed.
晚饭 (wǎnfàn): dinner我 (wǒ): I经常 (jīngcháng): often吃 (chī): eat米饭 (mǐfàn): rice和 (hé): and蔬菜 (shūcài): vegetables
wǒ zuó tiān kāi shǐ xué zhōng wén.
I started learning Chinese yesterday.
This sentence uses the verb 开始 to indicate the start of an action. In Chinese, the verb can be placed after the subject and time to indicate the time of the start of the action, in this case 昨天 (yesterday).
我 (wǒ): I, me昨天 (zuó tiān): yesterday开始 (kāi shǐ): begin, start学 (xué): learn中文 (zhōng wén): Chinese language
Wǒmen yào gǎn kuài mǎi diànyǐng piào, fǒu zé huì méiyǒu wèizhì le.
We need to hurry and buy movie tickets, otherwise there won't be any seats left.
This sentence uses the modal verb '要' to express the strong need to do something. The phrase '赶快' is used to emphasize the importance of taking action quickly. The conjunction '否则' is used to introduce a consequence that will happen if the action is not taken. The auxiliary verb '会' is used to indicate a future possibility. Finally, the particle '了' is used to indicate a change of state, in this case, the seats being sold out.
我们 (wǒ men): we/us要 (yào): need to; going to赶快 (gǎn kuài): hurry up买 (mǎi): buy电影票 (diànyǐng piào): movie ticket否则 (fǒu zé): otherwise会 (huì): will没有 (méi yǒu): not have位置 (wèi zhì): seat了 (le): particle indicating completion or change of state
nǐ yǒu méi yǒu shí jiān?
Do you have time?
This sentence uses the question word ‘有没有’ to ask for existence or non-existence of something and the noun comes at the end of sentence, this pattern is similar to ‘yes-no questions’ in English.
你 (nǐ): you有没有 (yǒu méi yǒu): have or not have时间 (shí jiān): time